Liquid-fuel burner and furnace.



E. BUGHHOLTZ.

LIQUID FUEL BURNER AND FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.10,1913.

1 ,1 14,729. Patented 001127, 1914.

FIG]

rHE NORRIS PETERS 60., PHOTO LITHD. WASHING roNv n.

UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

ERNEST BUCHHOLTZ, oEwEALDsiroNE, HARROW, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE oIL- ELAME FURNACE COMPANY, LIMITED, or HIGH HOLBORm ENGLAND.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ERNEs'r BUoHHoL'rz, a subject of the German Emperor, and resident of Penlan, Marlborough Hill, Wealdstone, Harrow, in the county of Middlesex, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Liquid-Fuel Burners and Furnaces, of which the following is a specification. I

This invention relates to improvements in liquid fuel burners and furnaces for ore smelting and other purposes, of the kind in which the fuel to be vaporized and consumed is contained in a tray or shallow open vessel, or in a number of such trays or vessels superposed, and with an air admission space between neighboring vessels. Such a vessel or vessels is or are usually arranged 1n an opening or passage communicating wlth a combustion chamber or flue, so that the air passing through the opening or passage picks up or carries hydrocarbon vapors and particlesfrom the vessel or vessels and subsequently supports, or assists in supporting the combustion of the hydrocarbon.

Burners of this type are advantageously employed for consuming crude: oils, petroleum refuse, gas oil, shale oil, tar oil, blast furnace oil and so on. The trays or vessels, if desired may be arranged in water baths in order to prevent overheating of the trays and to supply steam or water vapor which intermingles with the fuel vapors and air.

Now accordin to the present invention the burner of tie type referred to is arranged in a passage or aperture opening into the interior of a chamber, which may be called the primary combustion chamber, upon the rear wall of which there is formed a nose or bridge extending forwardly in the direction of the burner. For example, the nose may extend over a third of the distance separating the rear wall from thefront wall, and the upper surface of the noseorbridge may be concave while the under surface may be horizontal, these two surfaces merging into a rounded edge portion. Openings or passages for the exit of the mixed vapors, air, and if desired steam or water vapor,

from said chamber into the secondary or final combustion chamber or flue, are formed beneath the nose or bridge and suclropenings may be contracted in the direct on of the combustion chamber. These openings Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 27, 1914.

Application filed r m 10, 1913. Serial No. 760,158.

be severalrows of such nozzles, which" are preferably arranged in a staggered fashion.

The nose or bridge is conveniently arranged at a distance above the bottom of the primary combustion chamber equal to about one third of the height of that chamber, the height, being for example a {little less than three times the distance separating the front and rear walls of the primary combustion chamber. Theundersurface of. the nose or bridge is suitably at a slightly higher level than that at which the surface of the liquid in the lowest tray of a series is situated.

In the accompanying drawings :Figure l is a vertical section through the line 0-D of F igs.2ar1d3, of the primary combustion chamber, and showing the detachable liquid fuel. burner arrangement. Fig. 2 is a front elevationofFig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section throughtheline AB of Fig. 1 showingthe openings for the passage of the burning oil gases from the primary combustionv chamber into the furnace space or smelting chamber aIld*Fig.4: is an enlarged detail sectional view of aywaterbath and oil tray.

arrangement fitted with an airregulator on the frontssideof the water tray to regulate the. air space betweenthe trays.

Referring to the-drawings 05 indicates a gas mixing and primary or partial combustion chamber having an inner layer or lining b of ganister, fire clay orufirebrick, or any other suitable refractory material, and an 1 outer shell or casing c of iron and the width and height of the interior of the chamber may conveniently be in the'proportion'of Y aboutone tothree. The chamber a, the roof and floor of which are preferably curved or semi-cylindrical, hasan opening or passageway d formed in its front side, which is adapted to accommodate any suitable burner of the'lrind referred to, but particularly the arrangement comprising burner trays c and water trays a. At the aperture or opening OZ, the iron casing may be formed as a horizontal tube f, and preferably, as shown at g, with a flared end for assisting the induction of air. An extra air inlet may be provided, .in the form of aldownwardly inclined passage h, situated just above the opening d, and leading into the chamber a; the entrance to the passage it being preferablycontrolled by a valve of the intend-miss type, constructed of a plate 2', having openings 7' are hereinafter termed nozzles. There may .formed therein,the said plate being adapted to slide over openings j formed in the iron casing 0. v

Upon the rear wall of the chamber a is formed a nose or bridge 70 extending forwardly in the direction of the trays. This nose or bridge 7:: may extend over a third .Of the distance separating the rear wall from the front wall, and its upper surface may be concave as shown while the under surface, which is preferably at a slightly higher level than the surface of the liquid in the lowest burner tray, may be horizontal, the two surfaces merging intoa rounded edge portion. The nose is is also preferably arranged at a distance above the bottom of the chamber at equal to about one third the height of that chamber. Below'the nose or bridge is are formed openings or nozzles Z leading from the chamber a to the secondary or final combustion chamber m, these nozzles being for the exit of the mixed vapor and air or other combustible mixture from the chamber 64. These nozzles Z may'also, as shown, be contracted in the direction of the chamber m. There may be several rows of such nozzles, which are preferably arranged in staggered fashion as shown in Fig. 3.

. The chamber a may be attached to the combustion chamberm by'means of a frame a or in any other desired or suitable man the water trays e, by means of screws 1,

which pass through slots r in the plates.

' The latter project below the lowest points of the trays Z, and by unfastening the screws 9', the sheet 9 may be raised or lowered at-will, and so enlarge or diminish the distance between the lower edge of the tray to which it is attached and the oil surface of the tray 6 below it, so that in this way the inrush of the air into the chamber a through the spaces between the trays 6, can be regulated to produce the desired effect.

In operation, combustion begins at the surface of the fuel in the open vessels 6 and the natural draft causes air to enter by the tubular inlet f of the chamber a and, in passing over the open vessels 6 to take up the burning vapors of such fuel, the latter having been vaporized partly owing to the heat in the walls or liningb of the chamber The air-laden with these vapors and may be formed also, if desired, bearing steam or water vapors due to evaporation of water. in the trays e, crosses the chamber a where com bustion is continued and strikes the opposite wall thereof being deflected upwardly owing to the curvature of the upper surface-of the bridge or nose 76 so that a certain amount of swirling motion is thus given to the mixed vapors and air and an intimate and uniform admixture thereof takes place. The mixture having undergone a more or less partial combustion is continuously delivered near the bottom of the chamber a to the chamber in through the nozzles Z, the lower horizontal surface of the bridge or nose 7c acting as a baffling surface and insuring the delivery of the mixture through the nozzles Z, The heat absorbed and retained by the lining 6 of the chamber a effects an efficient pro-heating of the combustible mixture, and the combustion is completed within the chamber m. 7

What I claim is 1. A liquid fuel burner arrangement comprising a chamber having an opening in its front wall and delivery nozzles in its rear wall, an open fuel container arranged in the opening of the front wall and a nose or bridge upon the said rear wall said nose projecting above said delivery nozzles and 5 toward said container, substantially as set forth. i

2. A liquid fuel burner comprising a chamber the height of which is greater than the distance between the front and rear 00 walls and having an opening in the front wall and delivery nozzles in the rear wall, open liquid fuel containers arranged in the opening in the front wall, and a nose or bridge on said rear wall, said nose or bridge 105 having a flat lower surface and a concaved upper surface substantially as set forth.

3. A liquid fuel burner arrangement comprising a chamber, the height of which is greater than the distance from the front to 10 the rear wall and having an opening in the front wall, and delivery nozzles in the rear wall, said front and rear walls being joined by a curved roof and curved floor, open fuel containing vessels superposedly ar 5 ranged in the opening in the front wall, and a nose or bridge on the rear wall immediately above said delivery nozzles, said nose or bridge having a concaved upper surface substantially as set forth.'

4. A liquid fuel burner arrangement comprising a chamber the front and rear walls of which are separated by a smaller distance than that which separates the roof and floor and having an air intake opening 25 in its front wall and delivery nozzles in its rear wall, open liquid fuel containers arranged in the said air intake opening, a deflecting surface on the rear wall opposite said'containers, and a bathing surface on.130

said rear wall immediately above said nozzles substantially as set forth. I

5. A liquid fuel burner arrangement comprising a swirling chamber having an air intake opening in its front wall and delivery nozzles in its rear wall, superposed open liquid fuel containers in said intake opening, a deflecting surface on the rear wall of said chamber, and a bafliing surface on the said rear wall immediately above said delivery nozzles and at a slightly higher level than the level of liquid in the lowermost container substantially as set forth.

6. A liquid fuel burner arrangement comprising a swirling chamber having an air intake opening in its front wall and delivery nozzles in its rear wall, a flared air intake tube arranged over the opening in the front wall, superposed open liquid fuel containers arrangedin said opening, and a nose or bridge on said rear wall projecting toward said front wall and arranged immediately above said delivery nozzles substantially as set forth.

7. A liquid fuel burner arrangement comprising a swirling chamber having a large opening and a passage in its front wall and delivery nozzles in its rear wall, superposed open liquid fuel containers arranged in the opening of the front wall, an. adjustable in let valve arranged over the entrance to the passage through said front wall, and a nose or bridge on said rear wall immediately above said delivery nozzlessubstantially as set forth.

8. A liquid fuel burner arrangement comprising aswirling chamber of greater height than lengthand having an opening in its front wall and delivery nozzles in its rear wall, said delivery nozzles being nearer to the floor than to the roof of said chamber,

and a bridge or nose on said rear. wall comprising a concave upper deflecting surface for the entering current of combustible mixture and a lower bafliing surface immediately above said delivery nozzles substantially as set forth. a

9. A liquid fuel burner arrangement comprising a swirling chamber the height of which is great compared with the distance separating the front and rear walls, the front wall being formed with a large opening and witha passage above said opening adapted to direct a current of air downwardly into said chamber and .the rear wall of said chamber being formed with deliv ery nozzles situated near to the bottom of said chamber, superposed open liquid fuel containers in the opening in the front wall of said chamber, and a bridge or nose on the rear wall of said chamber comprlsmg an upper concaved deflecting surface and a lower fiat baffling surface immediately above said delivery nozzles substantially as set forth.

10. A liquid fuel burner arrangement comprising a swirling chamber having an air intake opening in its front wall and delivery nozzles in its rear wall, an air intake passage arranged over said opening in the front wall, superposed over liquid fuel containers arranged in said opening and spaced apart to form air passages, a nose or bridge on said rearwall and arranged above said delivery nozzles, and adjustable shutters mounted on said containers and adapted for regulating the air passages between said containers substantially as set forth.

ERNEST BUCHHOLTZ.

WVitnesses:

. A. B. NORTH,

O. P. LIDDON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the. Commissioner of Patents. 7

Washington, D. C. 

